Effective management of patient rehabilitation after discharge from hospital
The coronavirus outbreak was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on 11 March 2020. In the months since, the symptoms, characteristics and treatment options of COVID-19 infection have become better understood by the medical community. However, more investigation is needed into the effective management of patient rehabilitation after discharge from hospital, particularly for those patients who have endured prolonged hospital/ICU stays due to severe infection.
Although medical nutrition has been shown to positively contribute to improved clinical outcomes1,2, better quality of life1,2 and earlier hospital discharge2 in a variety of diseases and conditions, it is not always recognized to be an integral part of the package of care patients receive. Indeed, only 1 out of 3 hospital patients receive the nutritional care that they need3. This issue has become even more important to address in the current pandemic as COVID-19 is associated with nutritional risk4 due to extended ICU stays. These patients in particular are known to potentially face a range of physical and emotional issues5 that can further hamper their ability to get the nutrition they need to make a more complete recovery.
The need for real-world evidence
ESPEN (European Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition) issued practical guidance to support the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of malnutrition in patients with COVID-19 infection6. This highlights the need to ensure continuity of nutritional management of malnourished patients after hospital discharge, with individualized nutritional plans and oral nutritional support (ONS) when indicated6. Today, nutritional management is based on existing knowledge regarding malnutrition; however, real-world evidence for patients with COVID-19 remains unavailable to date.